FAQ Treatments
HARDENING AND TEMPERING - VACUUM HARDENING
VACUUM 1 - cost-effective heat treatment in vacuum
Application
used for full loads of smaller less demanding products, such as rollers, industrial knives, and other. Low risk level.Advantages
Treatment is designed to optimize costs.Technical specification
Minimum batch weight is 1000 kg. Maximum temeprature is 1050°C. Included is one low-temperature tempering. Minimum delivery time.
VACUUM 2 - cost-effective heat treatment in vacuum; heavy products
Application
Used for full loads of products that require special technical attention in heat treatment, but are due to bigger mass and thus better efficiency of heat treatment process considered lower price level per kg compared to Vacuum Standard (bigger rollers, hot-forging dies, and other).Advantages
Heat treatment designed to improve cost effectiveness of standard vacuum heat treatment.Technical specification
Minimum batch weight is 1000 kg. Maximum heat treatment in vacuum temperature is 1050°C. Maximum part dimension is 1200 x 1000 x 1800 mm. Included are maximum three high temperature tempering cycles.VACUUM STANDARD - general heat-treatment in vacuum; tooling and machine parts
Application
Used for mixed loads of small to medium size tooling and machine parts. Regular daily furnace heats of up to medium difficulty level products under regular technical supervision.Advantages
Short delivery time with all advantages of heat treatment in vacuum.Technical specification
Maximum temeprature is 1050°C. Maximum part dimension is 1200 x 1000 x 1800 mm. Included are up to three high-temperature tempering cycles.VACUUM STS - special heat treatment in vacuum; complex-geometry tooling and demanding parts
Application
Used for medium to big-size tooling and machine parts that require special heat treatment procedure executed under technical supervision. Parts in treatment are of higher complexity and risk level in assuring microstructure, mechanical properties and deformation within required limits.Advantages
Assure optimum material properties for geometrically complex parts.Technical specification
Maximum temperature is 1050°C. Maximum part dimension 1200 x 1000 x 1800 mm. Maximum quenching pressure in N2 is 15bar, reaching highest quenching speed. Included are up to three hightemperature tempering cycles.VACUUM ISOQ - heat treatment in vacuum according to ISO-Quench procedure
Application
Used for highest complexity hot-work tooling and machine parts that require special heat treatment procedure ISOQ with full-time technical supervision (standard NADCA or GM). Parts in treatment are of highest risk level in assuring deformation control, microstructure and mechanical properties requested, usually of mass > 500 kg.Advantages
Optimized heat treatment for highest quality material properties while controling the risk of cracking and distortion.Technical specification
Maximum temperature is 1050°C. Maximum part dimension 1200 x 1000 x 1800 mm. Maximum quenching pressure in N2 is 15bar, reaching highest quenching speed. Included are up to three high-temperature tempering cycles.VACUUM HSS - heat treatment in vacuum; HSS steel
Application
Used for products made of HSS steel.Technical specification
Maximum temperature is 1250°C. Included are up to three high-temperature tempering cycles.
HARDENING AND TEMPERING - OIL HARDENING
NEUTRAL HARDENING - heat treatment comprising austenitising, oil quenching, and tempering
Application
Machine parts, tooling, and all other engineering components exposed to high loading.Advantages
Treatment assures optimum hardness to toughness ratio and as such optimum material utilization; improved strenght, wear resistance, and in some cases corrosion resistance (martensitic stainless steel).Technical specification
Maximum temperature is 1050°C. Maximum part dimension 900 x 900 x 1200 mm. Included are up to three tempering treatments depending on material type and requirements.DOUBLE HARDENING - heat treatment comprising of two hardening processes
Application
Generally utilized after a long austenitisation step or long carburising cycles with high case depth requirements.Advantages
Coarse grain structure is refined and retained austenite content in case is reduced.Technical specification
First hardening is carried out from the hardening temperature of the core, whereas the second hardening from the hardening temerature of the case. Temperature, weight and dimension specification is equal to those of Neutral Hardening.NITRIDING AND NITROCARBURISING - NITOP®
NITOP-TL® - nitriding - diffusion zone of selected thickness with no compound layer
Application
Tooling used in pressure die-casting, hot forging, and other applications subjected to thermal cycling with requirement of hard surface layer.Advantages
Improved wear resistance, load-bearing capacity, resistance to soldering, and resistance to chipping and spalling.Technical specification
Part weight up to 3000 kg and dimension up to 1000 x 1000 x 1500 mm, treated in controlled nitriding atmosphere in ferritic temperature range between 500°C and 520°C.NITOP-M® - nitriding - diffusion zone of selected thickness with the presence of thin and ductile “gamma prime” compound layer
Application
Tooling elements exposed to abrasive wear in pressure die casting industry, plastic and rubber industry, and other applications subjected to moderate thermal cycling.
Advantages
Improved fatigue strength, adhesive and abrasive wear resistance, and corrosion resistance.
Technical specification
Part weight up to 3000 kg and dimension up to 100 x 1000 x 1500 mm, treated in controlled nitriding atmosphere in ferritic temperature range between 500°C and 530°C.
NITOP-T® - nitriding - diffusion zone of selected thickness with hard “epsilon” compound layer
Application
Cold work tooling, wear resistant plates, die casting shot sleeves, gears, dies for aluminum extrusion, and other applications subjected to abrasive wear.Advantages
Significantly improved abrasive wear resistance, adhesive wear resistance, and corrosion resistance.Technical specification
Part weight up to 3000 kg and dimension up to 1000 x 1000 x 1500 mm, treated in controlled nitriding atmosphere in ferritic temperature range between 500°C and 530°C to form a compound layer rich of epsilon phase.NITOP-C® - nitrocarburising - compound layer with high epsilon content
Application
Low to medium alloyed steels used in machine-building industry, automotive industry, and other applications where improvement of wear, anti-galling and antiscuffing properties is required.It improves wear resistance and sliding properties, corrosion resistance and adhesion for post-oxidation process. Limited distortion of complex parts. Process is also suitable for lower grade steels.
Technical specification
Part weight up to 3000 kg and dimension up to 1000 x 1000 x 1500 mm, treated in controlled nitriding atmosphere in ferritic temperature range between 550°C and 570°C.NITRIDING AND NITROCARBURISING - PLAZNIT®
PLAZNIT-TL® - nitriding - diffusion zone of selected thickness with no compound layer
Application
Tooling used in pressure die-casting, hot forging, and other applications subjected to thermal cycling with requirement of hard surface layer.Advantages
Improved wear resistance, load-bearing capacity, resistance to soldering, and resistance of chipping and spalling.Technical specification
Part weight up to 3000 kg and dimension up to 1000 x 1000 x 1500 mm, treated in controlled nitriding atmosphere in ferritic temperature range between 500°C and 520°C.PLAZNIT-M® - nitriding - diffusion zone of selected thickness with the presence of thin and ductile “gamma prime” compound layer
Application
Tooling elements exposed to abrasive wear in pressure die casting industry, plastic and rubber industry, and other applications subjected to moderate thermal cycling.Advantages
Improved fatigue strength, adhesive and abrasive wear resistance, and corrosion resistance.Technical specification
Part weight up to 3000 kg and dimension up to 1000 x 1000 x 1500 mm, treated in plasma in ferritic temperature range between 500°C and 530°C.
PLAZNIT-T® - nitriding - diffusion zone of selected thickness with hard “epsilon” compound layer
Application
Cold work tooling, wear resistant plates, die casting shot sleeves, gears, dies for aluminum extrusion, and other applications subjected to abrasive wear.
Advantages
Significantly improved abrasive wear resistance, adhesive wear resistance, and corrosion resistance.Technical specification
Part weight up to 3000 kg and dimension up to 1000 x 1000 x 1500 mm, treated in plasma in ferritic temperature range between 500°C and 550°C to form a compound layer rich of epsilon phase.PLAZNIT-C® - nitrocarburising - compound layer with high epsilon content of controlled porosity
Application
Low to medium alloyed steels used in machine-building industry, automotive industry, and other applications where improvement of wear, anti-galling and antiscuffing properties is required.Advantages
It improves wear resistance and sliding properties, corrosion resistance, adhesion for post-oxidation process. Process is also suitable for lower grade steels.Technical specification
Part weight up to 3000 kg and dimension up to 1000 x 1000 x 1500 mm, treated in plasma in the ferritic temperature range between 550°C and 570°C.NITRIDING AND NITROCARBURISING - NVAC
NVAC-TL - nitriding - diffusion zone of selected thickness with no compound layer
Application
Tooling used in pressure die-casting, hot forging, and other applications subjected to thermal cycling with requirement of hard surface layer.Advantages
Improved wear resistance, load-bearing capacity, resistance to soldering, and resistance of chipping and spalling.Technical specification
Part weight up to 3000 kg and dimension up to 1000 x 1200 x 1800 mm, treated in controlled low-pressure nitriding atmosphere in ferritic temperature range between 500°C and 520°C.NVAC-M - nitriding - diffusion zone of selected thickness with the presence of thin and ductile “gamma prime” compound layer
Application
Tooling elements exposed to abrasive wear in pressure die casting industry, plastic and rubber industry, and other applications subjected to moderate thermal cycling.Advantages
Improved fatigue strength, adhesive and abrasive wear resistance, and corrosion resistance.Technical specification
Part weight up to 3000 kg and dimension up to 1000 x 1200 x 1800 mm, treated in controlled lowpressure nitriding atmosphere in ferritic temperature range between 500°C and 530°C.NVAC-T - nitriding - diffusion zone of selected thickness with hard “epsilon” compound layer
Application
Cold work tooling, wear resistant plates, die casting shot sleeves, gears, dies for aluminum extrusion, and other applications subjected to abrasive wear.Advantages
Significantly improved abrasive wear resistance, adhesive wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. Well controlled porosity of the compound layer.Technical specification
Part weight up to 3000 kg and dimension up to 1000 x 1200 x 1800 mm, treated in controlled lowpressure nitriding atmosphere in ferritic temperature range between 500°C and 550°C to form a compound layer rich of epsilon phase.NVAC-C - nitrocarburising - compound layer with high epsilon content of controlled porosity
Application
Low to medium alloyed steels used in machine-building industry, automotive industry, and other applications where improvement of wear, anti-galling and antiscuffing properties is required.
Advantages
It improves wear resistance and sliding properties, corrosion resistance, adhesion for post-oxidation process. Limited distortion of complex parts.Process is also suitable for lower grade steels. Better control over porosity of the compound layer compared to gas nitriding.